KKK

Remote Network Routing Table Entries A
 adentifies how the network was learnd by router B
 The destination network C
 adminstrative distnace D
 the matric to reach the remote network E
 the next hope ip address to reach the remote network F
amount of elapsed time since network was discoverd G








A routing table is a data file in RAM that is used to store route information about directly connected network. A router uses the information in the routing table to determine the best path to reach those destinations.

Default Gateway
The default gateway is the device that routes traffic from the local network to devices on remote networks. Has a local IP address in the same address range as other hosts on the network. Can take data 
in and forward data out.


Routing – 3 Types of Destination
A host can send a packet to: Itself - A host can ping itself by sending a packet to a special IPv4 address of 127.0.0.1 which is referred to as the loopback interface.
 Local host - This is a host on the same network as the sending host. The hosts share the same network address. 
Remote host - This is a host on a remote network. The hosts do not share the same network address.

Routing definition
Routing is the process of moving packets across a network from one host to a another. It is usually performed by dedicated devices called routers. Routing is the process of identifying the best path to a destination.

Advantages of IPv6
There is an improvement in the  routing efficiency for performance and forwarding of packets. There is no requirement for routing process. Much more simplified than IPv4.


IPv6 comparison with IPv4






What are the changes in IPv6
There is an increased in IP address allocation. There is an improvement in  packet handling. It eliminates the need for Network Address Translation.



Message delivery options addresses








Frame Fields




Data Link Frame  Frame Fields
Data is encapsulated by the data link layer with a header and a trailer to form a frame










Ethernet Frame Structure & Size











Body Lifting: 3 basic rules

 Body Lifting: 3 basic rules 



It can appear in a situation where the critical decision in solving the problem of flabby appearance can arise where the fact that the decision-making process may be static can be believed!


شد الجسم: 10 قواعد أساسية

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We all want a more refined body, a flat, polished stomach, and tight arms and legs! Health magazines, newspapers and the internet are full of dozens of tips on how to slim your body and have a firm and steady stomach. In this article, we will focus on the ten basic rules for getting a polished body - these are the important rules by which you can have a healthy, fast and healthy polished body.




The first rule of body toning: Maintain a negative calorie balance


The number one reason for reducing body fat percentage and getting a smoother body is negative calorie balance. By caloric balance, we mean the ratio between the amount of calories that we enter into our bodies every day from food and drink, versus the amount of calories that are burned through daily activities, vital processes in the body, physical activity, etc.

To get in shape, the first thing to take care of is a negative calorie balance of 300-500 calories less. And never think of creating a greater caloric balance deficit. The refinement of an active body occurs gradually with a rational reduction of calories, which will not put the body in distress.


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The second rule: Do resistance eercises 2-3 times a week

  

Resistance training is important for both men and women. It contributes to the process of tightening the body by creating excess muscle tension, and thus the muscles are tightened, stiffened and more beautiful. Women who fear a muscular, enlarged look should not be bothered. A woman's body does not have enough testosterone to produce more muscle mass like a male does. Resistance exercise also helps in the purification process of the body because it may increase muscle mass to some extent, causing you to burn more calories each day as a result of the increased lidaily metaboc rate.

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The third rule to tighten the body: exercise moderate aerobic activity


Stretching exercises are aerobic activities that are directly related to the process of toning and tightening the body. These activities can include: walking, running, climbing stairs, cycling, swimming, dancing, etc. In addition to the health benefits of aerobic activities, it also helps us a lot in the body's purification process. While walking for an hour we burn between 300-500 calories, which helps us achieve a negative calorie balance. To tighten the body, it is preferable to do moderate aerobic exercises for a longer period of time rather than short, intense activities so that you do not lose valuable muscle mass.





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How to train My cat

  
Cat Training: How to Train Your Cat the Easy Way


Mother and son playing with large orange tabby cat on the kitchen floor at home.
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When learning how to train your cat, you'll start with very basic first steps that both reward good behavior and discourage the bad. But can you train a cat the same way you might train a dog? Yes and no. Because they're highly independent animals, cats might appear aloof or uninterested in following your commands. That doesn't mean you can't influence their behavior, though. If you're patient and consistent, your new kitten or older cat can be trained in no time.


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What Do You Want to Train?


First, determine what you'd like your cat to learn, then move toward them in small ways each day. Before you start training your cat, however, consider what commands you'll use and what types of behavioral actions you want her to learn. Think about what you may have wondered in the past: how to train your cat to use a litter box, how to keep her calm on trips to the veterinarian's office, and the like. How can you teach her stop scratching your rugs or furniture? These are all options you can work on during training.

Some common objectives include:A


  • House training or litter training.
  • Coming to you when you call or gesture.
  • Staying calm and still for grooming.
  • Interacting with you, other people, or other animals.
  • Playing with toys, with you, or with another cat.
  • Calm traveling (getting into carrier and riding in the car).


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There are many important reasons to learn why and how to train your cat. But above all, teaching her to behave in certain ways will help her become social and content around humans and other animals. Training is also important for your own well-being; if your cat learns to be calm during nail-trimming or travel, there will be no anxiety for her or you. The better mannered your cat is, the better your relationship will be.


Keep Each 'Session' Short and Natural

Having determined which lessons you and your cat will master, it's time to get down to business. First and foremost, your cat's attention span is shorter than yours; you can't expect her to stay interested every time you're ready to be the trainer. Let the lesson dictate how long she's willing to be in your company.

Because some kittens take to potty training quickly (or even before coming home with you) after watching their mother use a litter box, this type of training time may be brief. However, you may still need to lead her back to the little box in the early stages to remind her where it is. If you're training your kitten to play with her toys (and you), however, the lessons might be more gradual. Cats often prefer to explore new toys on their own, which means your role should be to respect her space while remaining approachable during her exploration. Then once she's acquainted herself with a new item, you can participate.

Start Small

If you're excited about training, you may want to jump right in and teach your cat everything at once. To be successful, though, it's a better idea to practice one lesson at a time. Once your cat has mastered whatever you're working on, you can move on to the next training exercise. When bringing a new kitten home, for example, you may want to litter train her right away. Once you're done you can work on interacting with other pets, then calm grooming, and so on.

Don't Limit Her to One Area

Once your cat has learned a command, practice it in different areas of your home. If you're introducing a kitten to other preexisting pets, and only bring them together in the living room, she may believe the other animal only exists in that space. This isn't a problem if your other animal is a fish, but if your kitten is meeting a dog, she needs to understand she'll encounter him in other areas as well.

Much like litter training, some types of training may require using different areas of your home. If you are house training a cat, it's sometimes necessary to have more than one litter box available. Keeping her from scratching carpet and furniture will also warrant a more comprehensive lesson, as she'll find these items in more than one room.



If It Isn't Working

Training doesn't happen overnight, and sometimes your cat will make a mistake. Can you train a cat to bounce back from it? Of course, but before you begin, you should come up with a plan for how to correct or guide her when she seems reluctant to catch on. Punishment doesn't work well when you're trying to train a kitten because your cat simply won't understand why she's in trouble. In fact, it could make her worse and feel more reclusive.

You'd never slap, shake, or physically correct your kitten during training, but don't forget to keep your voice just as calm. If your cat feels threatened by you, not only will training begin to fail, but she'll only learn to be afraid of you.

If you do need to redirect bad behavior (like scratching furniture) try making a quick, sharp noise. It'll also help if you say the same phrase every time, such as "Bam!" "Whoa!" or "Yow!" The point is to make your cat alert, and distract her from the current action or behavior. Avoid words that you regularly use, like "no!" or "hey!" as your cat will get confused when she hears it in a different context.

Learning how to train your cat can be a fun experience for your entire family. Just remember to be patient and positive, and you'll both get there.










Keto Diet success story


 

“No memberships or big expense: Just food”




Like many yo-yo dieters, Suzanne Ryan had tried just about every eating style out there without finding long-term success. But the keto diet before-and-after pictures she found online caught her eye. “When I stumbled upon keto, I was so impressed with the results people were getting. I was excited because it was a concept I hadn’t tried before,” says the 33-year-old behind the popular tokarmasays Instagram account.


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Within the first year of her keto experience, the San Francisco Bay Area mom, author, and blogger lost 100 pounds. She lost an additional 20 to reach her goal weight and has been maintaining it for almost two years. Her cookbook, Simply Keto,




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 offers the sound keto advice that worked for her: “Don’t overcomplicate things, and take it one day at a time,” she says. “Work on the emotional side of your eating habits, and invest in the process.” We have an insiders account on what it’s really like to
 follow the ketogenic diet to answer questions and help you ease into the lifestyle change.







success story Keto Diet

 “I’ve never felt so good”


Just 21 years old, Francisco Vega was nearly 100 pounds over his ideal weight. The welder from Modesto, CA tipped the scales at 295 pounds. Seeking a drastic change, he turned to the keto diet to reshape his body and his future. Vega dropped 75 pounds in just six months. Today, he’s 35 pounds away from his goal of 185, and he’s enjoying every delicious moment of it.


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“The hardest part of it has been that I can’t have too much fruit,” he says. Fruit has become his favorite “cheat” meal, Vega says, but he’s quick to note that the diet is not nearly as restrictive as people fear. “Don’t second-guess yourself,” he says. “The mental clarity and the energy and the super delicious food, combined with the hunger suppression, are enough to draw anyone in to try keto.”














Keto Diet Success Stroy How She Did It !?

  


success story Keto Diet



 

Mary Alexander saw a photo of herself in a bathing suit and decided something 

had to change. A few weeks later, she started the keto diet, an ultra-low-carb, high-fat diet that’s becoming increasingly popular, partly because of the many keto diet before-and-after pictures. According to Harvard Health Publishing in 2017, the keto diet can accelerate weight loss and improve blood sugar, After two years, Alexander’s lost 60 pounds with ten to 15 more to go to reach her goal.

“The hardest part of keto was getting started,” says Mary, a 54-year-old marketer from Rockwell, Texas. “Bread and sweets had been my friends for years, so giving them up was really hard.” She kept herself accountable with her Instagram account, @ketohabits: She’s gained more than 26,000 followers since she started her journey. “I attribute all of my success to my account, as well as weekly weigh-ins.” If you’re unsure that the keto diet fits your needs, consider these 15 things you should know before trying the keto diet


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